UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. KEVIN FUQUA (2017)

MEMORANDUM*

On appeal, Fuqua presents an argument for suppressing evidence in his case that he did not raise before the district court. By not raising it below, Fuqua has waived the argument. See Fed. R. Crim. P. 12(b)(3)(C). Fuqua has not shown why he should be granted relief from his waiver. While intervening changes in law may provide grounds for such relief, contrary to Fuqua's argument, United States v. James, 810 F.3d 676 (9th Cir. 2016), does not represent an intervening change in pertinent Fourth Amendment law.

Even if Fuqua did not waive this argument, the police officers' conduct here did not violate the Fourth Amendment. Fuqua was not seized when officers knocked on the window of the car he was sleeping in, woke him in the process, and asked to speak with him. See United States v. Washington, 490 F.3d 765, 770 (9th Cir. 2009).

AFFIRMED.