LUTHRINGER v. LUTHRINGER (2009)

 Plaintiff commenced this Labor Law and common-law negligence action seeking damages for injuries he sustained when he fell while replacing the roof on a single-family home owned by defendant, his brother.   We agree with defendant that Supreme Court erred in denying his motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.   With respect to the Labor Law cause of action, asserting the violation of Labor Law §§ 200, 240(1) and § 241(6), plaintiff contends that he was not a volunteer because he and his brother had a quid pro quo arrangement whereby they assisted each other.   We reject that contention, inasmuch as plaintiff remained a volunteer despite the existence of an alleged “barter agreement” between the parties (see Fuller v. Spiesz, 53 A.D.3d 1093, 861 N.Y.S.2d 896).   It is well settled that the Labor Law does not afford protection to “[a] volunteer who offers his [or her] services gratuitously” (Whelen v. Warwick Val. Civic & Social Club, 47 N.Y.2d 970, 971, 419 N.Y.S.2d 959, 393 N.E.2d 1032;  see § 2[5], [7];  Schwab v. Campbell, 266 A.D.2d 840, 697 N.Y.S.2d 424;  Yearke v. Zarcone, 57 A.D.2d 457, 460-461, 395 N.Y.S.2d 322, lv. denied 43 N.Y.2d 643, 401 N.Y.S.2d 1027, 372 N.E.2d 580).   Here, defendant established as a matter of law that plaintiff was not fulfilling any obligation to him and was not to be paid for his work (see Stringer v. Musacchia, 46 A.D.3d 1274, 1277, 848 N.Y.S.2d 762, affd. 11 N.Y.3d 212, 869 N.Y.S.2d 362, 898 N.E.2d 545;  Fuller, 53 A.D.3d at 1094, 861 N.Y.S.2d 896), and plaintiff failed to raise an issue of fact (see generally Zuckerman v. City of New York, 49 N.Y.2d 557, 562, 427 N.Y.S.2d 595, 404 N.E.2d 718).

 We further conclude in any event that defendant is also exempt from liability under Labor Law § 240(1) and § 241(6) as the owner of a one-family dwelling who contracted for but did not direct or control the work (see generally Ennis v. Hayes, 152 A.D.2d 914, 915, 544 N.Y.S.2d 99).   “Whether an owner's conduct amounts to directing or controlling depends upon the degree of supervision exercised over the method and manner in which the work is performed” (id.;   see Gambee v. Dunford, 270 A.D.2d 809, 810, 705 N.Y.S.2d 755).   It is undisputed that defendant worked on the roof on the day of plaintiff's accident, and that defendant supplied materials for the work.   Nevertheless, defendant submitted the deposition testimony of nonparty witnesses in which they stated that the family worked together to complete the project, but that no one at the work site supervised the project or the method and manner of the work.   Defendant thus established as a matter of law that he did not supervise or control plaintiff's work, and plaintiff failed to raise an issue of fact (see generally Zuckerman, 49 N.Y.2d at 562, 427 N.Y.S.2d 595, 404 N.E.2d 718).

 Likewise, we conclude that the court erred in denying that part of defendant's motion with respect to the common-law negligence cause of action.   As we previously determined, defendant established that he neither supervised nor controlled plaintiff's work (see Comes v. New York State Elec. & Gas Corp., 82 N.Y.2d 876, 877, 609 N.Y.S.2d 168, 631 N.E.2d 110), and we further conclude that defendant established as a matter of law that he neither created nor had actual or constructive notice of the alleged dangerous condition (see Eddy v. Tops Friendly Mkts., 91 A.D.2d 1203, 459 N.Y.S.2d 196, affd. 59 N.Y.2d 692, 463 N.Y.S.2d 437, 450 N.E.2d 243).   Plaintiff failed to raise an issue of fact to defeat that part of defendant's motion (see generally Zuckerman, 49 N.Y.2d at 562, 427 N.Y.S.2d 595, 404 N.E.2d 718).   Finally, inasmuch as defendant argued before the motion court that he is entitled to summary judgment dismissing the common-law negligence cause of action, we reject plaintiff's contention that defendant has advanced that argument for the first time on appeal (cf. Ciesinski v. Town of Aurora, 202 A.D.2d 984, 985, 609 N.Y.S.2d 745).

It is hereby ORDERED that the order insofar as appealed from is unanimously reversed on the law without costs, the motion is granted and the complaint is dismissed.

MEMORANDUM: