IN RE: J.M. (2023)

Order of fact-finding and disposition (one paper), Family Court, New York County (Valerie A. Pels, J.), entered on or about May 4, 2022, which, to the extent appealed from as limited by the briefs, after a hearing, found that respondent sexually abused the subject child and neglected her by engaging in acts of domestic violence against nonrespondent mother, unanimously affirmed, without costs.

Family Court's determination that respondent sexually abused his daughter is supported by a preponderance of the evidence (see Family Ct Act §§ 1012[e][iii];  1046[b];  Matter of Jani Faith B. [Craig S.], 104 A.D.3d 508, 509, 961 N.Y.S.2d 135 [1st Dept. 2013]).  The child's sworn testimony at the fact-finding hearing was competent evidence that respondent sexually abused her when she was approximately six years old;  the fact that she did not have a physical injury does not require a different result (see Matter of Alijah S. [Daniel S.], 133 A.D.3d 555, 556, 21 N.Y.S.3d 206 [1st Dept. 2015], lv denied 26 N.Y.3d 917, 2016 WL 531602 [2016];  Matter of Christina G. [Vladimir G.], 100 A.D.3d 454, 454, 957 N.Y.S.2d 1 [1st Dept. 2012], lv denied 20 N.Y.3d 859, 2013 WL 537153 [2013]).  Respondent's intent to gain sexual gratification from touching the child's genitals and breasts was properly inferred from the acts themselves and by the child's testimony that he was “moaning” when he would squeeze her chest (see Matter of Maria S. [Angel A.], 185 A.D.3d 437, 124 N.Y.S.3d 792 [1st Dept. 2020]).

The Family Court's finding that respondent neglected the child by consuming alcoholic beverages to the extent that he lost self-control and committed acts of domestic violence in the child's presence, posing an imminent danger to her physical, mental or emotional well-being, is also supported by a preponderance of the evidence (see Family Ct Act §§ 1012[f][i][B];  1046[a][iii], [b][i]).  The child testified that respondent drank alcohol daily and hit the mother in the child's presence “when he was drinking a lot;” testimony that was supported by the mother's and, to some extent, respondent's own testimony (see Matter of EJ W. [Leroy E.W.], 212 A.D.3d 568, 568, 181 N.Y.S.3d 569 [1st Dept. 2023]).

This proof of impaired judgment and loss of self-control during respondent's repeated bouts of excessive alcohol consumption triggers the presumption of neglect under Family Court Act § 1046(a)(iii), which obviates the need to present proof of the child's physical, emotional, or mental impairment or an imminent risk thereof as a consequence of his behavior (see Matter of Nasiim W. [Keala M.], 88 A.D.3d 452, 453, 931 N.Y.S.2d 4 [1st Dept. 2011]).  In any event, impairment or imminent danger of impairment may be inferred here by the fact that the incidents of domestic violence occurred in the presence of the child, and that she was aware of and emotionally impacted by the violence she was witnessing as demonstrated by her crying when it happened (see Matter of J.A.W. [Lance W.], 216 A.D.3d 480, 481, 188 N.Y.S.3d 66 [1st Dept. 2023];  Matter of Khalif M. [Malik M.], 215 A.D.3d 559, 560, 187 N.Y.S.3d 613 [1st Dept. 2023]).

There is no basis for disturbing the Family Court's credibility determinations, which should be accorded deference on appeal, including its evaluation of the child's testimony regarding what acts of abuse and neglect respondent committed (see Matter of Irene O., 38 N.Y.2d 776, 777, 381 N.Y.S.2d 865, 345 N.E.2d 337 [1975]).