United States Ninth Circuit

Defendants' convictions and one defendant's sentence for criminal tax offenses arising from their use of gold and silver coins to pay wages and thus avoid the reporting of payroll and income taxes, are affirmed, where: 1) defendants had sufficient notice of the illegality of relying on the face value of coins to avoid paying taxes; 2) the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying defendants' motions to disqualify the prosecutor; 3) the district court properly denied defendant Robert Kahre's suppression motions; 4) the district court did not engage in any misconduct warranting a new trial; and 5) the district court did not err when sentencing defendant Robert Kahres.

Appellate Information

• Decided 12/05/2013
• Published 12/05/2013

Judges

• PER CURIAM

Court

• United States Ninth Circuit

Counsel