United States Ninth Circuit

Defendants' wire fraud convictions and sentences are affirmed where: 1) 18 U.S.C. section 1343 did not require an intent to cause pecuniary loss; 2) "preponderance of the evidence" was the appropriate standard of proof for determining the amount of loss caused by the conspiracy; and 3) the district court correctly found the scope of relevant conduct under U.S.S.G. section 1B1.3 in attributing losses to defendants as a result of their conspiracy convictions.

Appellate Information

• Argued 11/03/2009
• Decided 01/28/2010
• Published 01/28/2010

Judges

• Before RONALD M. GOULD and CARLOS T. BEA, Circuit Judges, and DONALD W. MOLLOY, District Judge.

Court

• United States Ninth Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellees:
  
• David J. Zugman, Burcham & Zugman, San Diego, CA, for defendant-appellant Ricky D. Sluder., Jami L. Ferrara, Law Office of Jami L. Ferrara, San Diego, CA, for defendant-appellant Larry C. Saturday., Kathryn Thickstun Leff, Law Offices of Kathryn Thickstun Leff, San Diego, CA, for defendant-appellant Randall T. Treadwell., William P. Cole, Assistant U.S. Attorney, San Diego, CA, for plaintiff-appellee United States of America.