United States Ninth Circuit

Evidence of discrimination within the criminal justice system can be relevant to a claim of improper race-based vote denial under Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, because analysis requires consideration of factors external to the challenged voting mechanism itself.

Appellate Information

• Argued 04/04/2002
• Decided 07/25/2003
• Published 07/25/2003

Judges

• PAEZ, Circuit Judge:, Before:  WOOD,D.W. NELSON and PAEZ, Circuit Judges.

Court

• United States Ninth Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellant:
  
• Lawrence A. Weiser,University Legal Assistance, Gonzaga Law School, Spokane, WA, argued the case for the plaintiffs-appellants.   D.C. Cronin and Jason T. Vail, Spokane, WA, assisted on the briefs., Nancy L. Talner for the American Civil Liberties Union of Washington, Seattle, Washington, amicus in support of Plaintiffs-Appellants., Nancy Northup, Jessie Allen, Gillian E. Metzger, and Glenn J. Moramarco, for the Brennan Center for Justice, New York, New York, and Anita Hodgkiss and Lori Outzs Borgen, for the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Washington, D.C., amici in support of Plaintiffs-Appellants.


• For Appellees:
  
• Jeffrey Even, Assistant Attorney General, Olympia, WA, argued the case for the defendants-appellees.  Christine O. Gregoire, Attorney General, and Daniel Judge, Assistant Attorney General, Olympia, WA, assisted on the briefs.