United States Ninth Circuit

The International Parental Kidnapping Crime Act, 18 U.S.C. section 1204(a), is constitutional as a valid exercise of Congress' Commerce Clause authority, and the district court did not err in ordering the defendant to pay restitution for attorney fees in connection with related civil proceeding.

Appellate Information

• Argued 12/03/2001
• Decided 02/27/2002
• Published 02/27/2002

Judges

• O'SCANNLAIN, Circuit Judge., Before:   O'SCANNLAIN, GRABER, and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges.

Court

• United States Ninth Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellees:
  
• Stephen R. Hormel, Federal Defenders of Eastern Washington and Idaho, Spokane, WA, for the defendant-appellant., Francis J. Diskin, U.S. Attorney, Timothy J. Ohms, Assistant U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Washington;  Marc I. Osborne (argued), U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for the plaintiff-appellee.