United States Ninth Circuit

California Supreme Court certified to determine for the tort of intentional interference with prospective economic advantage if a defendant in a civil lawsuit can refuse to deal with a plaintiff when the refusal to deal precludes a substantial amount of business with third parties; (2) refusal to deal is intended to coerce the plaintiff to settle the lawsuit; and (3) the defendant has sufficient economic power to achieve result.

Appellate Information

• Decided 01/18/2001
• Published 01/18/2001

Judges

• BERZON, Circuit Judge:, Before:  GRABER, FISHER and BERZON, Circuit Judges.

Court

• United States Ninth Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellant:
  
• Jeff Mudgett, Gig Harbor, Washington, for the real parties in interest and the plaintiffs-appellants.


• For Appellees:
  
• Michael K. Johnson, Lewis, D'Amato, Brisbois & Bisgaard, San Francisco, California, for the defendants-appellees.