United States Sixth Circuit

Defendant's convictions and a 1,772-month sentence for armed robbery, conspiracy, and firearms violations is affirmed over claims that: 1) the convictions for robberies of the three cash-lending institutions were error as the government failed to prove that those robberies had a de minimis effect on interstate commerce as required by the Hobbs Act; 2) the term of imprisonment violated the Eighth Amendment; 3) the district court misinterpreted the Sentencing Guidelines; and 4) he received ineffective assistance of counsel at sentencing.

Appellate Information

• Decided 12/14/2007
• Published 12/14/2007

Judges

• Before:  DAUGHTREY and GILMAN, Circuit Judges;  EDMUNDS, District Judge.

Court

• United States Sixth Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellees:
  
• ARGUED:  Paul J. Neel, Louisville, Kentucky, for Appellant.   Christopher K. Barnes, Assistant United States Attorney, Cincinnati, Ohio, for Appellee.   ON BRIEF:  Paul J. Neel, Louisville, Kentucky, for Appellant.  Christopher K. Barnes, Assistant United States Attorney, Cincinnati, Ohio, for Appellee.   Gary G. Watkins, Terre Haute, Indiana, pro se.