United States Sixth Circuit

Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224 (1995), establishes an exception to Apprendi so that a prior conviction used to enhance a defendant's sentence is not required to be proved beyond a reasonable doubt; accordingly, judgment of the district court affirmed.

Appellate Information

• Argued 11/14/2001
• Decided 02/14/2002
• Published 02/14/2002

Judges

• Before: KEITH and COLE, Circuit Judges;  MARBLEY, District Judge.

Court

• United States Sixth Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellant:
  
• William K. Holmes,Warner, Norcross & Judd, Grand Rapids, MI, John W. Zeiger (briefed), Marion H. Little, Jr. (argued and briefed), Zeiger & Carpenter, Columbus, OH, for Plaintiff-Appellant.


• For Appellees:
  
• Anthony V. Trogan, Jr. (briefed), Anthony V. Trogan P.L.L.C., West Bloomfield, MI, for Defendants-Appellees.