United States Sixth Circuit

Counsel may effectively waive defendants' right to be present during voir dire, and a de minimis connection to interstate commerce suffices for a RICO enterprise conviction.

Appellate Information

• Argued 02/01/2001
• Decided 05/04/2001
• Published 05/04/2001

Judges

• Before GUY, NORRIS, and SILER, Circuit Judges.

Court

• United States Sixth Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellees:
  
• Frank J. Marine (briefed), Senior Litigation Counsel, U.S. Dept. of Justice, Organized Crime & Racketeering Section, Washington, DC, Julia J. Stiller (argued and briefed), U.S. Dept. of Justice, Organized Crime & Racketeering Section, Craig S. Morford (briefed), Asst. U.S. Atty., Cleveland, OH, for Plaintiff-Appellee., Albert A. Giuliani (argued and briefed), Cleveland, OH, for Defendant-Appellant in No. 99-3405., John Patrick Parker (argued and briefed), Cleveland, OH, for Defendant-Appellant in No. 99-3406., Timothy F. Sweeney (argued and briefed), Cleveland, OH, for Defendant-Appellant in No. 99-3439.