United States Third Circuit

"Noninstructional time" encompasses plaintiff's school's morning activity period as to trigger the Equal Access Act, thus the EAA requires the school to allow a Bible club to meet during the activity period. School has engaged in impermissible viewpoint discrimination under the First Amendment, and speculative Establishment Clause concerns do not justify preventing the Bible club from meeting during the activity period.

Appellate Information

• Argued 05/14/2003
• Decided 07/15/2003
• Published 07/15/2003

Judges

• Before RENDELL, SMITH and ALDISERT, Circuit Judges.

Court

• United States Third Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellant:
  
• Lawrence G. Paladin, Jr. (argued), Participating Attorney for The Rutherford Institute, Paladin Law Offices, Pittsburgh, PA, John W. Whitehead, Steven H. Aden, Rita Dunaway, M. Casey Mattox, The Rutherford Institute, Charlottesville, VA, for Appellant., Eric W. Treene (argued), Ralph F. Boyd, Jr., Assistant Attorney General, J. Michael Wiggins, Principal Deputy Attorney General, Mark L. Gross, Andrea Picciotti-Bayer, United States Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, Washington, DC, Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellant., Kimberlee Wood Colby, Gregory S. Baylor, Nathan A. Adams, Center for Law and Religious Freedom of the Christian Legal Society, Annandale, VA, Amicus Curiae in Support of Appellant.


• For Appellees:
  
• Michael D. Seymour (argued), Feczko and Seymour, Pittsburgh, PA, for Appellees.