United States Second Circuit

A plaintiff may sue a state for money damages under Title II of the ADA if the plaintiff can establish that the Title II violation was motivated by either discriminatory animus or ill will due to disability and may rely on a burden-shifting technique for Title VII cases.

Appellate Information

• Argued 01/25/2001
• Decided 09/26/2001
• Published 10/03/2001

Judges

• JOHN M. WALKER, JR., Chief Judge:, Before: WALKER, Chief Judge, OAKES and PARKER, Circuit Judges.

Court

• United States Second Circuit

Counsel

• For Appellant:
  
• Benjamin Z. Holczer, New York, NY, for Plaintiff-Appellant., (William R. Yeomans, United States Assistant Attorney General, Civil Rights Division;  Jessica Dunsay Silver;  Seth M. Galanter;  Washington, DC;  for the United States as Intervenor.)., (Richard N. Simpson;  Amy Ledoux;  Sam R. Hananel;  Ross, Dixon & Bell, L.L.P.;   Washington, DC;  S. Mark Goodman;  Michael Hiestand;  Arlington, VA;  for Amicus Curiae Student Press Law Center on behalf of Plaintiff-Appellant.)., (Ogden A. Lewis;  Daniel E. Wenner;  Andrew H. Tannenbaum;  Davis Polk & Wardwell;  New York, NY;  for Amici Curiae Access Now, The Center for Independence of the Disabled in New York, Disability Advocates, Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, League for the Hard of Hearing, Mood Disorders Support Group, National Association of the Deaf, National Association of Protection and Advocacy Systems, The National Multiple Sclerosis Society-New York City Chapter, New York Association of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services, New York Lawyers for the Public Interest, New York State Independent Living Council, and the State of Connecticut Office of Protection and Advocacy for Persons with Disabilities in Support of Plaintiff-Appellant.).


• For Appellees:
  
• Mark Gimpel, Deputy Solicitor General (Eliot Spitzer, Attorney General of the State of New York;  Deon J. Nossel, Assistant Solicitor General, of counsel), New York, NY, for Defendants-Appellees.