Supreme Court of California

Under the surrounding circumstances, including 1) an officer's deliberate violation of Miranda, 2) defendant's youth, inexperience, minimal education, and low intelligence, and 3) a promise and a threat made by the officer, defendant's initiation of further contact with the officer was involuntary, and his two subsequent confessions were involuntary.

Appellate Information

• Decided 07/14/2003
• Published 07/14/2003

Judges

• GEORGE, C.J.

Court

• Supreme Court of California

Counsel

• For Appellees:
  
• Victor J. Morse, under appointment by the Supreme Court, San Francisco, for Defendant and Appellant., John T. Philipsborn, San Francisco, and Charles D. Weisselberg, for California Attorneys for Criminal Justice as Amicus Curiae on behalf Defendant and Appellant., Bill Lockyer, Attorney General, David P. Druliner and Robert R. Anderson, Chief Assistant Attorneys General, Louis Vasquez, Janet Neeley, Robert P. Whitlock and Lloyd G. Carter, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.