IN RE: HYUNDAI AND KIA FUEL ECONOMY LITIGATION (2018)

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

IN RE: HYUNDAI AND KIA FUEL ECONOMY LITIGATION, Kehlie R. Espinosa; Nicole Marie Hunter; Jeremy Wilton; Kaylene P. Brady; Gunther Krauth; Eric Graewingholt; Reece Philip Thomson; Alex Maturani; Nilufar Rezai; Jack Rottner; Lydia Kievit; Rebecca Sanders; Bobby Brandon Armstrong; Sergio Torres; Richard Woodruff; Marshall Lawrence Gordon; Joel A. Lipman; James Gudgalis; Mary P. Hoessler; Stephen M. Hayes; Brian Reeves; Sam Hammond; Mark Leggett; Edwin Naythons; Michael Washburn; Ira D. Dunst; Brian Weber; Kamneel Maharaj; Kim Iocovozzi; Herbert J. Young; Linda Hasper; Leslie Bayard; Tricia Fellers; Orlando Elliott; James Bonsignore; Margaret Setser; Guillermo Quiroz; Douglas Kurash; Andres Carullo; Laura S. Sutta; Georgia L. Thomas; Eric J. Olson; Jennifer Myers; Tom Woodward; Jerold Terhost; Cameron John Cestaro; Donald Brown; Maria Figueroa; Constance Martyn; Thomas Ganim; Daniel Baldeschi; Lillian E. Levoff; Giuseppina Roberto; Robert Trader; Sean Goldsberry; Cynthia Navarro; Owen Chapman; Michael Brein; Travis Brissey; Ronald Burkard; Adam Cloutier; Steven Craig; John J. Dixson; Erin L. Fanthorpe; Eric Hadesh; Michael P. Keeth; John Kirk Macdonald; Michael Mandahl; Nicholas Mcdaniel; Mary J. Moran-Spicuzza; Gary Pincas; Brandon Potter; Thomas Purdy; Rocco Renghini; Michelle Singlteon; Ken Smiley; Gregory M Sonstein; Roman Starno; Gayle A. Stephenson; Andres Villicana; Richard Williams; Bradford L. Hirsch; Ashley Cephas; David E. Hill; Chad Mckinney; Mordechai Schiffer; Lisa Sands; Donald Kendig; Kevin Gobel; Eric Larson; Lin Mckinney; Ryan Cross; Phillip Hoffman; Debra Simmons; Abelardo Morales; Peter Blumer; Carolyn Hammond; Melissa Leggett; Kelly Moffett; Evan Grogan; Carlos Medina; Alberto Dominguez; Catherine Bernard; Michael Breien; Laura Gill; Thomas Schille; Judith Stanton; Randy Rickert; Bryan Zirkel; James Kundrat; Robert Smith; Maria Kotova; Josipa Casey; Luan Snyder; Ben Baker; Brian Nguyen; Hattie Williams; Bill Holvey; Lourdes Vargas; Kendall Snyder; Nomer Medina; Sameria Goff; Ursula Pyland; Marcell Chapman; Kaye Kurash; Holly Amromin; John Chapman; Mary D'angelo; George Rudy; Ayman Mousa; Shelly Henderson; Jeffrey Hathaway; Dennis J. Murphy; Douglas A. Patterson; John Gentry; Linda Ruth Scott; Danielle Kay Gilleland; Joseph Bowe; Michael Desouto, Plaintiffs-Appellees, Greg Direnzo, Petitioner-Appellee, Hyundai Motor America; Kia Motors America; Kia Motors Corporation; Grossinger Autoplex, Inc., fka Grossinger Hyundai; John Krafcik; Hyundai Motor Company; Sarah Kundrat, Defendants-Appellees, V. Caitlin Ahearn; Andrew York, Objectors-Appellants. In Re: Hyundai And Kia Fuel Economy Litigation,

Kehlie R. Espinosa; Nicole Marie Hunter; Jeremy Wilton; Kaylene P. Brady; Gunther Krauth; Eric Graewingholt; Reece Philip Thomson; Alex Maturani; Nilufar Rezai; Jack Rottner; Lydia Kievit; Rebecca Sanders; Bobby Brandon Armstrong; Sergio Torres; Richard Woodruff; Marshall Lawrence Gordon; Joel A. Lipman; James Gudgalis; Mary P. Hoessler; Stephen M. Hayes; Brian Reeves; Sam Hammond; Mark Leggett; Edwin Naythons; Michael Washburn; Ira D. Dunst; Brian Weber; Kamneel Maharaj; Kim Iocovozzi; Herbert J. Young; Linda Hasper; Leslie Bayard; Tricia Fellers; Orlando Elliott; James Bonsignore; Margaret Setser; Guillermo Quiroz; Douglas Kurash; Andres Carullo; Laura S. Sutta; Georgia L. Thomas; Eric J. Olson; Jennifer Myers; Tom Woodward; Jerold Terhost; Cameron John Cestaro; Donald Brown; Maria Figueroa; Constance Martyn; Thomas Ganim; Daniel Baldeschi; Lillian E. Levoff; Giuseppina Roberto; Robert Trader; Sean Goldsberry; Cynthia Navarro; Owen Chapman; Michael Brein; Travis Brissey; Ronald Burkard; Adam Cloutier; Steven Craig; John J. Dixson; Erin L. Fanthorpe; Eric Hadesh; Michael P. Keeth; John Kirk Macdonald; Michael Mandahl; Nicholas Mcdaniel; Mary J. Moran-Spicuzza; Gary Pincas; Brandon Potter; Thomas Purdy; Rocco Renghini; Michelle Singlteon; Ken Smiley; Gregory M Sonstein; Roman Starno; Gayle A. Stephenson; Andres Villicana; Richard Williams; Bradford L. Hirsch; Ashley Cephas; David E. Hill; Chad Mckinney; Mordechai Schiffer; Lisa Sands; Donald Kendig; Kevin Gobel; Eric Larson; Lin Mckinney; Ryan Cross; Phillip Hoffman; Debra Simmons; Abelardo Morales; Peter Blumer; Carolyn Hammond; Melissa Leggett; Kelly Moffett; Evan Grogan; Carlos Medina; Alberto Dominguez; Catherine Bernard; Michael Breien; Laura Gill; Thomas Schille; Judith Stanton; Randy Rickert; Bryan Zirkel; James Kundrat; Robert Smith; Maria Kotova; Josipa Casey; Luan Snyder; Ben Baker; Brian Nguyen; Hattie Williams; Bill Holvey; Lourdes Vargas; Kendall Snyder; Nomer Medina; Sameria Goff; Ursula Pyland; Marcell Chapman; Kaye Kurash; Holly Amromin; John Chapman; Mary D'angelo; George Rudy; Ayman Mousa; Shelly Henderson; Jeffrey Hathaway; Dennis J. Murphy; Douglas A. Patterson; John Gentry; Linda Ruth Scott; Danielle Kay Gilleland; Joseph Bowe; Michael Desouto, Plaintiffs-Appellees, Greg Direnzo, Petitioner-Appellee, Hyundai Motor America; Kia Motors America; Kia Motors Corporation; Grossinger Autoplex, Inc., fka Grossinger Hyundai; John Krafcik; Hyundai Motor Company; Sarah Kundrat, Defendants-Appellees, V. Antonio Sberna, Objector-Appellant, IN RE: Hyundai And Kia Fuel Economy Litigation

Kehlie R. Espinosa; Nicole Marie Hunter; Jeremy Wilton; Kaylene P. Brady; Gunther Krauth; Eric Graewingholt; Reece Philip Thomson; Alex Maturani; Nilufar Rezai; Jack Rottner; Lydia Kievit; Rebecca Sanders; Bobby Brandon Armstrong; Sergio Torres; Richard Woodruff; Marshall Lawrence Gordon; Joel A. Lipman; James Gudgalis; Mary P. Hoessler; Stephen M. Hayes; Brian Reeves; Sam Hammond; Mark Leggett; Edwin Naythons; Michael Washburn; Ira D. Dunst; Brian Weber; Kamneel Maharaj; Kim Iocovozzi; Herbert J. Young; Linda Hasper; Leslie Bayard; Tricia Fellers; Orlando Elliott; James Bonsignore; Margaret Setser; Guillermo Quiroz; Douglas Kurash; Andres Carullo; Laura S. Sutta; Georgia L. Thomas; Eric J. Olson; Jennifer Myers; Tom Woodward; Jerold Terhost; Cameron John Cestaro; Donald Brown; Maria Figueroa; Constance Martyn; Thomas Ganim; Daniel Baldeschi; Lillian E. Levoff; Giuseppina Roberto; Robert Trader; Sean Goldsberry; Cynthia Navarro; Owen Chapman; Michael Brein; Travis Brissey; Ronald Burkard; Adam Cloutier; Steven Craig; John J. Dixson; Erin L. Fanthorpe; Eric Hadesh; Michael P. Keeth; John Kirk Macdonald; Michael Mandahl; Nicholas Mcdaniel; Mary J. Moran-Spicuzza; Gary Pincas; Brandon Potter; Thomas Purdy; Rocco Renghini; Michelle Singlteon; Ken Smiley; Gregory M Sonstein; Roman Starno; Gayle A. Stephenson; Andres Villicana; Richard Williams; Bradford L. Hirsch; Ashley Cephas; David E. Hill; Chad Mckinney; Mordechai Schiffer; Lisa Sands; Donald Kendig; Kevin Gobel; Eric Larson; Lin Mckinney; Ryan Cross; Phillip Hoffman; Debra Simmons; Abelardo Morales; Peter Blumer; Carolyn Hammond; Melissa Leggett; Kelly Moffett; Evan Grogan; Carlos Medina; Alberto Dominguez; Catherine Bernard; Michael Breien; Laura Gill; Thomas Schille; Judith Stanton; Randy Rickert; Bryan Zirkel; James Kundrat; Robert Smith; Maria Kotova; Josipa Casey; Luan Snyder; Ben Baker; Brian Nguyen; Hattie Williams; Bill Holvey; Lourdes Vargas; Kendall Snyder; Nomer Medina; Sameria Goff; Ursula Pyland; Marcell Chapman; Kaye Kurash; Holly Amromin; John Chapman; Mary D'angelo; George Rudy; Ayman Mousa; Shelly Henderson; Jeffrey Hathaway; Dennis J. Murphy; Douglas A. Patterson; John Gentry; Linda Ruth Scott; Danielle Kay Gilleland; Joseph Bowe; Michael Desouto, Plaintiffs-Appellees, Greg Direnzo, Petitioner-Appellee, Hyundai Motor America; Kia Motors America; Kia Motors Corporation; Grossinger Autoplex, Inc., fka Grossinger Hyundai; John Krafcik; Hyundai Motor Company; Sarah Kundrat, Defendants-Appellees, V. Peri Fetsch, Objector-Appellant. IN RE: Hyundai And Kia Fuel Economy Litigation

Kehlie R. Espinosa; Nicole Marie Hunter; Jeremy Wilton; Kaylene P. Brady; Gunther Krauth; Eric Graewingholt; Reece Philip Thomson; Alex Maturani; Nilufar Rezai; Jack Rottner; Lydia Kievit; Rebecca Sanders; Bobby Brandon Armstrong; Sergio Torres; Richard Woodruff; Marshall Lawrence Gordon; Joel A. Lipman; James Gudgalis; Mary P. Hoessler; Stephen M. Hayes; Brian Reeves; Sam Hammond; Mark Leggett; Edwin Naythons; Michael Washburn; Ira D. Dunst; Brian Weber; Kamneel Maharaj; Kim Iocovozzi; Herbert J. Young; Linda Hasper; Leslie Bayard; Tricia Fellers; Orlando Elliott; James Bonsignore; Margaret Setser; Guillermo Quiroz; Douglas Kurash; Andres Carullo; Laura S. Sutta; Georgia L. Thomas; Eric J. Olson; Jennifer Myers; Tom Woodward; Jerold Terhost; Cameron John Cestaro; Donald Brown; Maria Figueroa; Constance Martyn; Thomas Ganim; Daniel Baldeschi; Lillian E. Levoff; Giuseppina Roberto; Robert Trader; Sean Goldsberry; Cynthia Navarro; Owen Chapman; Michael Brein; Travis Brissey; Ronald Burkard; Adam Cloutier; Steven Craig; John J. Dixson; Erin L. Fanthorpe; Eric Hadesh; Michael P. Keeth; John Kirk Macdonald; Michael Mandahl; Nicholas Mcdaniel; Mary J. Moran-Spicuzza; Gary Pincas; Brandon Potter; Thomas Purdy; Rocco Renghini; Michelle Singlteon; Ken Smiley; Gregory M Sonstein; Roman Starno; Gayle A. Stephenson; Andres Villicana; Richard Williams; Bradford L. Hirsch; Ashley Cephas; David E. Hill; Chad Mckinney; Mordechai Schiffer; Lisa Sands; Donald Kendig; Kevin Gobel; Eric Larson; Lin Mckinney; Ryan Cross; Phillip Hoffman; Debra Simmons; Abelardo Morales; Peter Blumer; Carolyn Hammond; Melissa Leggett; Kelly Moffett; Evan Grogan; Carlos Medina; Alberto Dominguez; Catherine Bernard; Michael Breien; Laura Gill; Thomas Schille; Judith Stanton; Randy Rickert; Bryan Zirkel; James Kundrat; Robert Smith; Maria Kotova; Josipa Casey; Luan Snyder; Ben Baker; Brian Nguyen; Hattie Williams; Bill Holvey; Lourdes Vargas; Kendall Snyder; Nomer Medina; Sameria Goff; Ursula Pyland; Marcell Chapman; Kaye Kurash; Holly Amromin; John Chapman; Mary D'angelo; George Rudy; Ayman Mousa; Shelly Henderson; Jeffrey Hathaway; Dennis J. Murphy; Douglas A. Patterson; John Gentry; Linda Ruth Scott; Danielle Kay Gilleland; Joseph Bowe; Michael Desouto, Plaintiffs-Appellees, Greg Direnzo, Petitioner-Appellee, Hyundai Motor America; Kia Motors America; Kia Motors Corporation; Grossinger Autoplex, Inc., fka Grossinger Hyundai; John Krafcik; Hyundai Motor Company; Sarah Kundrat, Defendants-Appellees, V. Dana Roland, Objector-Appellant. IN RE: Hyundai And Kia Fuel Economy Litigation,

Kehlie R. Espinosa; Nicole Marie Hunter; Jeremy Wilton; Kaylene P. Brady; Gunther Krauth; Eric Graewingholt; Reece Philip Thomson; Alex Maturani; Nilufar Rezai; Jack Rottner; Lydia Kievit; Rebecca Sanders; Bobby Brandon Armstrong; Sergio Torres; Richard Woodruff; Marshall Lawrence Gordon; Joel A. Lipman; James Gudgalis; Mary P. Hoessler; Stephen M. Hayes; Brian Reeves; Sam Hammond; Mark Leggett; Edwin Naythons; Michael Washburn; Ira D. Dunst; Brian Weber; Kamneel Maharaj; Kim Iocovozzi; Herbert J. Young; Linda Hasper; Leslie Bayard; Tricia Fellers; Orlando Elliott; James Bonsignore; Margaret Setser; Guillermo Quiroz; Douglas Kurash; Andres Carullo; Laura S. Sutta; Georgia L. Thomas; Eric J. Olson; Jennifer Myers; Tom Woodward; Jerold Terhost; Cameron John Cestaro; Donald Brown; Maria Figueroa; Constance Martyn; Thomas Ganim; Daniel Baldeschi; Lillian E. Levoff; Giuseppina Roberto; Robert Trader; Sean Goldsberry; Cynthia Navarro; Owen Chapman; Michael Brein; Travis Brissey; Ronald Burkard; Adam Cloutier; Steven Craig; John J. Dixson; Erin L. Fanthorpe; Eric Hadesh; Michael P. Keeth; John Kirk Macdonald; Michael Mandahl; Nicholas Mcdaniel; Mary J. Moran-Spicuzza; Gary Pincas; Brandon Potter; Thomas Purdy; Rocco Renghini; Michelle Singlteon; Ken Smiley; Gregory M Sonstein; Roman Starno; Gayle A. Stephenson; Andres Villicana; Richard Williams; Bradford L. Hirsch; Ashley Cephas; David E. Hill; Chad Mckinney; Mordechai Schiffer; Lisa Sands; Donald Kendig; Kevin Gobel; Eric Larson; Lin Mckinney; Ryan Cross; Phillip Hoffman; Debra Simmons; Abelardo Morales; Peter Blumer; Carolyn Hammond; Melissa Leggett; Kelly Moffett; Evan Grogan; Carlos Medina; Alberto Dominguez; Catherine Bernard; Michael Breien; Laura Gill; Thomas Schille; Judith Stanton; Randy Rickert; Bryan Zirkel; James Kundrat; Robert Smith; Maria Kotova; Josipa Casey; Luan Snyder; Ben Baker; Brian Nguyen; Hattie Williams; Bill Holvey; Lourdes Vargas; Kendall Snyder; Nomer Medina; Sameria Goff; Ursula Pyland; Marcell Chapman; Kaye Kurash; Holly Amromin; John Chapman; Mary D'angelo; George Rudy; Ayman Mousa; Shelly Henderson; Jeffrey Hathaway; Dennis J. Murphy; Douglas A. Patterson; John Gentry; Danielle Kay Gilleland; Joseph Bowe; Michael Desouto, Plaintiffs-Appellees, Greg Direnzo, Petitioner-Appellee, Hyundai Motor America; Kia Motors America; Kia Motors Corporation; Grossinger Autoplex, Inc., fka Grossinger Hyundai; John Krafcik; Hyundai Motor Company; Sarah Kundrat, Defendants-Appellees. V. Linda Ruth Scott, Objector-Appellant. IN RE: Hyundai And Kia Fuel Economy Litigation

John Gentry; Linda Ruth Scott; Danielle Kay Gilleland; Joseph Bowe; Michael Desouto, Plaintiffs, James Ben Feinman, Appellant, V. Hyundai Motor America; Kia Motors America; Kia Motors Corporation; Grossinger Autoplex, Inc., fka Grossinger Hyundai; John Krafcik; Hyundai Motor Company; Sarah Kundrat, Defendants-Appellees.

No. 15-56014, No. 15-56025, No. 15-56059, No. 15-56061, No. 15-56064, No. 15-56067

Decided: July 27, 2018