IN RE: Gabriella VELARDI–WARD (2024)

DECISION & ORDER

In a hybrid proceeding pursuant to CPLR article 78 and action for declaratory relief, the petitioner/plaintiff appeals from an order and judgment (one paper) of the Supreme Court, Queens County (Robert I. Caloras, J.), entered August 12, 2020.  The order and judgment, insofar as appealed from, granted those branches of the separate cross-motions of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation and Josif A., LLC, which were pursuant to CPLR 3211(a) to dismiss the amended petition and, in effect, dismissed the proceeding.

ORDERED that the order and judgment is affirmed insofar as appealed from, with one bill of costs.

The petitioner/plaintiff (hereinafter the petitioner) commenced this hybrid proceeding pursuant to CPLR article 78 and action for declaratory relief, alleging that the respondent/defendant, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (hereinafter DEC), violated the State Environmental Quality Review Act (hereinafter SEQRA) in issuing a freshwater wetlands permit to the intervenor-respondent/defendant, Josif A., LLC. DEC and Josif A. LLC separately cross-moved, inter alia, pursuant to CPLR 3211(a) to dismiss the amended petition on the ground, among others, that the causes of action thereof were time-barred by the 30–day statute of limitations set forth in Environmental Conservation Law § 24–0705(6) or the four-month statute of limitations set forth in CPLR 217(1).  By order and judgment entered August 12, 2020, the Supreme Court, inter alia, granted those branches of the cross-motions and dismissed the proceeding.  The petitioner appeals.

To the extent that the amended petition alleges noncompliance with SEQRA, the four-month statute of limitations set forth in CPLR 217(1) is applicable (see Matter of Young v. Board of Trustees of Vil. of Blasdell, 89 N.Y.2d 846, 848, 652 N.Y.S.2d 729, 675 N.E.2d 464;  Matter of Stengel v. Town of Poughkeepsie Planning Bd., 167 A.D.3d 752, 754, 89 N.Y.S.3d 287).  “[A] proceeding against a body or officer must be commenced within four months after the determination to be reviewed becomes final and binding upon the petitioner” (CPLR 217[1]).  Such determination is final and binding “when the decisionmaker arrives at a definitive position on the issue that inflicts an actual, concrete injury” (Stop–The–Barge v. Cahill, 1 N.Y.3d 218, 223, 771 N.Y.S.2d 40, 803 N.E.2d 361 [internal quotation marks omitted];  see Matter of Town of Huntington v. County of Suffolk, 195 A.D.3d 851, 852, 145 N.Y.S.3d 841;  Matter of Stengel v. Town of Poughkeepsie Planning Bd., 167 A.D.3d at 754, 89 N.Y.S.3d 287).

Under the circumstances present here, the final agency action took place on September 6, 2017.  On that date, after a public hearing and public comments, the lead agency, the New York City Department of City Planning, issued written findings pursuant to SEQRA, including that the “[p]roject would not result in any unmitigated significant adverse impacts” (see Stop–The–Barge v. Cahill, 1 N.Y.3d at 223, 771 N.Y.S.2d 40, 803 N.E.2d 361;  Matter of Stengel v. Town of Poughkeepsie Planning Bd., 167 A.D.3d at 754, 89 N.Y.S.3d 287;  see also Matter of Rimler v. City of New York, 172 A.D.3d 868, 869, 101 N.Y.S.3d 54;  Matter of Coalition Against Lincoln W., Inc. v. Weinshall, 21 A.D.3d 215, 220, 799 N.Y.S.2d 205).  Since this proceeding was commenced well over four months later, on February 19, 2020, the Supreme Court properly determined that so much of the amended petition as alleges noncompliance with SEQRA is time-barred.

To the extent that the petitioner seeks judicial review of the permit application process, the applicable statute of limitations is 30 days, as set forth in Environmental Conservation Law § 24–0705(6).  Article 24 of the Environmental Conservation Law governs freshwater wetlands.  Environmental Conservation Law § 24–0705(6) provides, in pertinent part, that review of a determination by the local government or DEC on a freshwater wetlands permit “shall be” made “within a period of [30] days after the filing thereof” (cf.  Matter of Atlantic States Legal Found., Inc. v. New York State Dept. of Envtl. Conservation, 119 A.D.3d 1172, 1172–1174, 991 N.Y.S.2d 151).  Since the subject permit was issued on October 23, 2019, and this proceeding was not commenced until February 19, 2020, the Supreme Court properly determined that this challenge is time-barred (see ECL 24–0705[6];  Matter of Fenton, Town of v. New York State Dept. of Envtl. Conservation, 117 A.D.2d 920, 922, 498 N.Y.S.2d 923).

The petitioner's remaining contention need not be reached in light of our determination.

DUFFY, J.P., MILLER, DOWLING and LANDICINO, JJ., concur.