IN RE: LAELANI B. and Another (2009)

Appeal from an order of the Family Court of Columbia County (Nichols, J.), entered December 17, 2007, which granted petitioner's application, in a proceeding pursuant to Social Services Law § 384-b, to adjudicate respondents' children to be permanently neglected, and terminated respondents' parental rights.

Respondents are the parents of Laelani B. (born in 2003) and Sasha B. (born in 2004).   In December 2005, petitioner removed the children and placed them in a foster care home, where they have remained.   After a hearing, Family Court determined that the children had been neglected.   Pursuant to a service plan established to strengthen the parent-child relationships, respondents agreed to, among other things, obtain substance abuse treatment and the mother agreed to attend mental health and domestic violence counseling.   In June 2007, petitioner commenced this permanent neglect proceeding against respondents and, after a fact-finding and dispositional hearing, Family Court adjudged that respondents had permanently neglected the children and terminated their parental rights.   Respondents appeal and we affirm.

 Family Court properly determined that respondents permanently neglected their children (see Social Services Law § 384-b[3][g];  [4][d];  [7] ).   In a permanent neglect proceeding, the threshold inquiry is whether petitioner made diligent efforts to encourage and strengthen the parent-child relationship (see Social Services Law § 384-b[7][a];  see also Matter of Melissa DD., 45 A.D.3d 1219, 1220, 846 N.Y.S.2d 475 [2007], lv. denied 10 N.Y.3d 701, 853 N.Y.S.2d 542, 883 N.E.2d 369 [2008];  Matter of Destiny CC., 40 A.D.3d 1167, 1168, 835 N.Y.S.2d 515 [2007];  Matter of Thomas JJ., 20 A.D.3d 708, 709, 798 N.Y.S.2d 237 [2005] ).   Here, petitioner established by clear and convincing evidence that it had made such diligent efforts.   Respondents were provided with a caseworker who referred them for numerous services, including substance abuse counseling and parenting, domestic violence and anger management classes.   Petitioner's staff remained in regular contact with service providers, repeatedly rescheduled respondents' numerous missed appointments, arranged transportation, and followed up with both treatment providers and respondents.   Respondents also received assistance with housing, rent, food vouchers, transportation and weekly supervised visitation, including visitation while the mother was incarcerated in 2006 after her unsuccessful discharge from drug treatment.

Additionally, Columbia County Mental Health provided the mother with mental health counseling, yet she missed more than one half of the scheduled biweekly sessions between October 2006 and November 2007.   Service plan reviews were held at which respondents were reminded of the imperative that they timely address the reasons for the removal of the children by completing, among other things, substance abuse evaluations and treatment.   During the relevant time, the children were provided with services to address their medical, special educational and therapeutic needs.   We find that the evidence presented at the fact-finding hearing proved that petitioner made “affirmative, repeated and meaningful efforts to restore the parent-child relationship” (Matter of Alycia P., 24 A.D.3d 1119, 1120, 807 N.Y.S.2d 172 [2005];  see Matter of Isaiah F., 55 A.D.3d 1004, 1005, 871 N.Y.S.2d 390 [2008];  Matter of Thomas JJ., 20 A.D.3d at 710, 798 N.Y.S.2d 237).

 With petitioner having demonstrated that it made the requisite diligent efforts, it was respondents' obligation to show that the conditions that led to the children's removal had been addressed and that they had a meaningful plan for the children's future (see Matter of Isaiah F., 55 A.D.3d at 1005, 871 N.Y.S.2d 390;  Matter of James X., 37 A.D.3d 1003, 1006, 830 N.Y.S.2d 608 [2007] ).   To their credit, respondents remained employed, exercised most scheduled visitations, and completed some of the programs offered.   Yet neither parent addressed his or her fundamental underlying substance abuse problem, and the mother never adequately addressed her mental health needs.   Thus, we reject respondents' contention that Family Court erred in finding that they failed to plan for the future of their children, although physically and financially able to do so (see Social Services Law § 384-b[7][a] ).

 Nor did Family Court abuse its discretion in terminating respondents' parental rights and declining to grant a suspended judgment in its dispositional order.   We accord great deference to the court's determination, given its ability to assess the demeanor and credibility of witnesses, and find ample record support for its dispositive conclusion that it was not in the best interests of the children to suspend judgment to give respondents yet another chance to demonstrate their parental fitness and to plan for the future of the children (see Matter of Isaiah F., 55 A.D.3d at 1006, 871 N.Y.S.2d 390;  Matter of Melissa DD., 45 A.D.3d at 1221, 846 N.Y.S.2d 475;  Matter of Joshua BB., 27 A.D.3d 867, 869, 811 N.Y.S.2d 178 [2006];  see also Family Ct. Act § 631[b];  Matter of Michael B., 80 N.Y.2d 299, 311, 590 N.Y.S.2d 60, 604 N.E.2d 122 [1992] ).   At the dispositional hearing, held nearly two years after the removal of the children, neither respondent had completed substance abuse treatment and, given respondents' persistent unwillingness to meaningfully engage in such services even in the face of a termination proceeding, there was no reason to believe that they would do so during any “brief grace period” (Matter of Michael B., 80 N.Y.2d at 311, 590 N.Y.S.2d 60, 604 N.E.2d 122).

 Finally, given the less stringent standard governing the admission of evidence at a dispositional hearing (see Matter of Chelsea K., 15 A.D.3d 794, 794-795, 790 N.Y.S.2d 273 [2005], lv. dismissed 4 N.Y.3d 869, 797 N.Y.S.2d 814, 830 N.E.2d 1142 [2005];  compare Family Ct. Act § 1046[b][ii], with Family Ct. Act § 1046[c] ), we are not persuaded that the admission of the psychologist's report, over the mother's hearsay objection, constituted error.

ORDERED that the order is affirmed, without costs.

PETERS, J.

CARDONA, P.J., KAVANAGH and STEIN, JJ., concur.