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IN RE: Edward A. STEIN, Respondent-Appellant, v. NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, Appellant-Respondent.
Cross appeals from a judgment of the Supreme Court (MALONE JR., J.), ENTERED APRIL 29, 2005 IN albAny couNty, WHICh, inter Alia, partially granted petitioner's application, in a proceeding pursuant to CPLR article 78, to review a determination of respondent denying petitioner's Freedom of Information Law request.
Pursuant to the Freedom of Information Law (see Public Officers Law art. 6) (hereinafter FOIL), petitioner requested that respondent permit inspection and copying of certain records relating to a road construction project in Rockland County. Respondent denied this request as well as petitioner's subsequent administrative appeal. When petitioner commenced this proceeding seeking FOIL disclosure of the requested documents, respondent voluntarily agreed to provide six boxes and several loose files of materials, and submitted the balance of the records which it claimed were responsive, yet exempt interagency and intraagency materials, to Supreme Court for in camera review (see Public Officer's Law § 87[2][g][iii] ). The court found that most of the submitted documents were exempt, but ordered FOIL disclosure of numerous unreviewed letters and e-mails on the ground that respondent had failed to meet its burden to prove that those documents were exempt. Petitioner and respondent cross-appeal.
Under Public Officers Law § 87(2), all agency records are open to the public unless specifically exempted by statute (see Matter of Fappiano v. New York City Police Dept., 95 N.Y.2d 738, 746, 724 N.Y.S.2d 685, 747 N.E.2d 1286 [2001]; Matter of Newsday v. State Dept. of Transp., 10 A.D.3d 201, 203, 780 N.Y.S.2d 402 [2004], affd. 5 N.Y.3d 84, 800 N.Y.S.2d 67, 833 N.E.2d 210 [2005] ). Such statutory exemptions are to be narrowly construed and the agency has the burden of demonstrating that they squarely apply (see Matter of Capital Newspapers Div. of Hearst Corp. v. Burns, 67 N.Y.2d 562, 566, 505 N.Y.S.2d 576, 496 N.E.2d 665 [1986]; Matter of Hassig v. New York State Dept. of Health, 294 A.D.2d 781, 782, 742 N.Y.S.2d 442 [2002], lv. denied 99 N.Y.2d 502, 752 N.Y.S.2d 589, 782 N.E.2d 567 [2002] ). The exemption for “inter-agency or intra-agency materials” in Public Officer's Law § 87(2)(g)(iii) has been construed to include “deliberative materials or ‘communications exchanged for discussion purposes not constituting final policy decisions' ” (Matter of Mingo v. New York State Div. of Parole, 244 A.D.2d 781, 782, 666 N.Y.S.2d 244 [1997], quoting Matter of Russo v. Nassau County Community Coll., 81 N.Y.2d 690, 699, 603 N.Y.S.2d 294, 623 N.E.2d 15 [1993]; see Matter of Xerox Corp. v. Town of Webster, 65 N.Y.2d 131, 132, 490 N.Y.S.2d 488, 480 N.E.2d 74 [1985] ).
Upon review of the records submitted for in camera review here, we agree that the documents withheld by Supreme Court fall within the exemption for predecisional, nonfinal discussion and recommendations by employees within and among agencies to assist decision makers in formulating a policy or determination (see Matter of Xerox Corp. v. Town of Webster, supra at 132-133, 490 N.Y.S.2d 488, 480 N.E.2d 74; Matter of Morgan v. New York State Dept. of Envtl. Conservation, 9 A.D.3d 586, 587, 779 N.Y.S.2d 643 [2004]; Matter of Mingo v. New York State Div. of Parole, supra at 782, 666 N.Y.S.2d 244). We also agree with Supreme Court that respondent reasonably complied with two of petitioner's requests seeking all records that refer to the project's design and pertain to any claims made by contractors on the project. Given respondent's plausible explanation of its difficulty interpreting the wording of these requests and petitioner's flat refusal to provide any clarification, we are satisfied that the descriptions were insufficient and the limited disclosure made in response to these requests was justified (see Public Officer's Law § 89[3]; Matter of Konigsberg v. Coughlin, 68 N.Y.2d 245, 249, 508 N.Y.S.2d 393, 501 N.E.2d 1 [1986] ).
Finally, respondent contends that Supreme Court's determination to permit disclosure of 283 pieces of indexed correspondence and a single folder containing over 500 unindexed e-mails was improper. Specifically, respondent argues that petitioner's request was overbroad and not reasonably described because the task of determining whether the subjects of these items of correspondence match petitioner's request would require a review of each document. We cannot agree. Inasmuch as petitioner's request clearly described the subject matter of the materials sought, the administrative burden of reviewing this correspondence for relevance fails to establish that the request is insufficiently descriptive (see Matter of Konigsberg v. Coughlin, supra at 250-251, 508 N.Y.S.2d 393, 501 N.E.2d 1; Matter of Ruberti, Girvin & Ferlazzo v. New York State Div. of State Police, 218 A.D.2d 494, 499, 641 N.Y.S.2d 411 [1996] ). Having declined to review these locatable materials and failed to demonstrate that they were exempt, respondent was properly directed to produce them for inspection and copying.
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed, without costs.
ROSE, J.
CREW III, J.P., CARPINELLO and KANE, JJ., concur.
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Decided: January 05, 2006
Court: Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Third Department, New York.
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