IN RE: COREY C. (2005)

Appeals (1) from an order of the Family Court of Greene County (Pulver Jr., J.), entered May 21, 2003, which granted petitioner's application, in a proceeding pursuant to Family Ct. Act article 10, to adjudicate respondent's stepchild to be neglected, and (2) from an order of said court, entered May 18, 2004, which, inter alia, granted petitioner's application, in a proceeding pursuant to Family Ct. Act article 10, to be relieved of its obligation to exercise supervision over respondent.

Corey C. (born in 1993) resided with his mother and respondent, his stepfather.   In November 2002, petitioner commenced this neglect proceeding against respondent, alleging that he had misused alcohol and, in the course of resolving a physical dispute between his daughter and Corey, kicked Corey in the stomach.   Following a fact-finding hearing, Family Court sustained the neglect petition, finding that respondent failed to provide adequate supervision and used excessive corporal punishment, and issued an order of protection directing respondent's removal from the residence.   The court also granted petitioner's application to be relieved of its obligation to exercise supervision over respondent.   Respondent now appeals from both of these orders.¹

 Contrary to respondent's contentions on appeal, we conclude that Family Court's finding of neglect was supported by a preponderance of the evidence (see Family Ct. Act § 1046[b][i];  Matter of Nathaniel II. [Lawrence JJ.], 18 A.D.3d 1038, 1038-1039, 795 N.Y.S.2d 780, 780-781 [2005] ).   Although much of the evidence regarding the claims of excessive corporal punishment consisted of Corey's out-of-court statements and actions which, by themselves, are insufficient to support a finding of neglect (see Family Ct. Act § 1046[a] [vi];  Matter of Evelyn X. [Susan X.], 290 A.D.2d 817, 820, 736 N.Y.S.2d 549 [2002], lv. dismissed 98 N.Y.2d 666, 746 N.Y.S.2d 452, 774 N.E.2d 216 [2002] ), “[a]ny other evidence tending to support the reliability of the [out-of-court] statements ․ shall be sufficient corroboration” (Family Ct. Act § 1046[a][vi];  see Matter of Rebecca X. [Carl X.], 18 A.D.3d 896, 898, 795 N.Y.S.2d 113, 115 [2005] ).

 Here, Family Court's findings were based upon the corroborative testimony provided by Corey's mother, who initially reported the incident to the police, the police officer who arrived on the scene, the caseworker who interviewed the children, as well as the statements of Corey's brother and stepsister, who confirmed to the police officer that they saw respondent kick Corey.   The mother's recantation of her initial account of the incident before the fact-finding hearing created a credibility issue for Family Court to resolve.   The circumstances surrounding her recantation, including her concern that respondent would lose his job if there were a finding of neglect, as well as his previous threats of violence against her, were properly considered by Family Court (see Matter of Karen BB. [Paul CC.], 216 A.D.2d 754, 756, 628 N.Y.S.2d 431 [1995] ) because the retraction of neglect allegations does not necessarily render previous statements incredible as a matter of law (see Matter of Akia KK. [Johnny MM.], 282 A.D.2d 839, 841, 724 N.Y.S.2d 207 [2001];  Matter of Grace VV. [Carlon VV.], 206 A.D.2d 608, 609, 614 N.Y.S.2d 582 [1994], lvs. denied 84 N.Y.2d 809, 621 N.Y.S.2d 518, 645 N.E.2d 1218 [1994] ).   Similarly, although the record reveals inconsistent accounts about whether Corey's brother and stepsister actually witnessed the incident or merely heard it occur, the reliability of this corroborative evidence was a determination entrusted to Family Court's considerable discretion, and we will not disturb its decision to credit the children's initial statements to the police (see Matter of Frank Y. [Frank Z.], 11 A.D.3d 740, 742, 783 N.Y.S.2d 123 [2004];  Matter of Tylena S. v. Darin J., 4 A.D.3d 568, 571, 771 N.Y.S.2d 592 [2004], lv. dismissed 2 N.Y.3d 759, 778 N.Y.S.2d 776, 811 N.E.2d 38 [2004] ).

 Moreover, while Corey did not appear to exhibit physical signs of abuse following the incident, “[a]ctual injury or impairment need not be found, as long as a preponderance of the evidence establishes that the child is in ‘imminent danger’ of either injury or impairment” (Matter of Katie R. [Tammy R.-Edwin R.], 251 A.D.2d 698, 699, 673 N.Y.S.2d 792 [1998], lv. denied 92 N.Y.2d 809, 678 N.Y.S.2d 594, 700 N.E.2d 1230 [1998], quoting Matter of Maroney v. Perales, 102 A.D.2d 487, 489, 478 N.Y.S.2d 123 [1984];  accord Matter of Markus MM. [Donna MM.], 17 A.D.3d 747, 748, 792 N.Y.S.2d 704 [2005] ).   Here, there is ample record support that the child was in imminent danger of damage to his physical, mental or emotional condition (see Family Ct. Act § 1012[f][i][B];  Matter of Nichole SS. [Eugene TT.], 296 A.D.2d 618, 619, 745 N.Y.S.2d 128 [2002];  Matter of Billy Jean II. [Ray II.], 226 A.D.2d 767, 769-770, 640 N.Y.S.2d 326 [1996] ).   Inasmuch as the weight and credibility determinations regarding this testimony fall squarely on Family Court, we find no basis to disturb its findings (see Matter of Megan G. [Michael G.], 291 A.D.2d 636, 639, 737 N.Y.S.2d 684 [2002] ).

ORDERED that the orders are affirmed, without costs.

FOOTNOTES

1.   We note that by failing to raise in his brief the propriety of the order relieving petitioner from further supervision over him, respondent has abandoned that issue (see Matter of Curtis N. [Robert N.], 288 A.D.2d 774, 776, 733 N.Y.S.2d 747 [2001], lv. denied 97 N.Y.2d 610, 740 N.Y.S.2d 694, 767 N.E.2d 151 [2002] ).

MERCURE, J.P.

CREW III, PETERS, SPAIN and KANE, JJ., concur.