PEOPLE v. MELENDEZ (2005)

Judgment, Supreme Court, New York County (Rena K. Uviller, J.), rendered April 10, 2002, convicting defendant, after a jury trial, of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree, criminal sale of a controlled substance in or near school grounds and criminal possession of a controlled substance in the third degree, and sentencing him, as a second felony offender, to concurrent terms of 4 1/212 to 9 years, unanimously affirmed.

 The verdict was not against the weight of the evidence (see People v. Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d 490, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672 [1987] ).   The evidence warrants the inference that defendant, who offered to sell drugs to the undercover officer, brought the officer to the codefendant and accepted the officer's money, was working together with the codefendant, who supplied the drugs after defendant's initial attempt to sell the officer fake drugs (see People v. Bello, 92 N.Y.2d 523, 683 N.Y.S.2d 168, 705 N.E.2d 1209 [1998] ).   The fact that defendant and the codefendant had an argument does not undermine the conclusion that they were working together.

 The court properly exercised its discretion in receiving the undercover officer's brief and limited background testimony regarding the typical practices of street-level drug dealers, since this was a matter outside the knowledge of a typical juror, and was relevant to the contested issue of accessorial liability (see People v. Cooper, 293 A.D.2d 359, 740 N.Y.S.2d 202 [2002], lv. denied 98 N.Y.2d 696, 747 N.Y.S.2d 414, 776 N.E.2d 3 [2002];  People v. Morales, 281 A.D.2d 165, 721 N.Y.S.2d 350 [2001], lv. denied 96 N.Y.2d 904, 730 N.Y.S.2d 802, 756 N.E.2d 90 [2001];  People v. Wilson, 278 A.D.2d 65, 717 N.Y.S.2d 178 [2000], lv. denied 96 N.Y.2d 789, 725 N.Y.S.2d 654, 749 N.E.2d 223 [2001] ).

The court's Sandoval ruling balanced the appropriate factors and was a proper exercise of discretion (see People v. Hayes, 97 N.Y.2d 203, 738 N.Y.S.2d 663, 764 N.E.2d 963 [2002];  People v. Walker, 83 N.Y.2d 455, 458-459, 611 N.Y.S.2d 118, 633 N.E.2d 472 [1994];  People v. Pavao, 59 N.Y.2d 282, 292, 464 N.Y.S.2d 458, 451 N.E.2d 216 [1983] ).   The court permitted the People to elicit matters that were highly probative of defendant's credibility and that reflected only a portion of his extensive record.

Defendant's remaining contentions are unpreserved and we decline to review them in the interest of justice.   Were we to review these claims, we would reject them.   We note, however, that the no-inference charge, to which no exception was taken, was unduly prolix and fraught with the potential for misinterpretation.