PEOPLE v. HARRELL (2001)

Judgments, Supreme Court, Bronx County (Denis Boyle, J.), rendered July 22, 1998, convicting defendants, after a jury trial, of robbery in the second degree (two counts) and assault in the third degree, and sentencing defendant Harrell, as a second violent felony offender, to two terms of 8 1/212 years and a term of 1 year, all to run concurrently, and sentencing defendant Patterson, as a second felony offender, to two terms of 7 1/212 years and a term of 1 year, all to run concurrently, unanimously affirmed.

 The court properly declined to provide any sanction for the People's mid-trial disclosure of a police officer's memo book.   Disclosure of this memo book upon completion of jury selection was not mandated by CPL 240.45(1)(a) because it was not a statement “made by a person whom the prosecutor intend[ed] to call as a witness at trial.”   At the outset of trial, the prosecutor submitted a witness list containing this officer's name, but clearly stated that he did not intend to call this officer and was only including his name to ensure that, in the event he became a witness, there would not be anyone acquainted with him on the jury (see generally, People v. Boyd, 53 N.Y.2d 912, 440 N.Y.S.2d 631, 423 N.E.2d 54).   The court properly credited the prosecutor's subsequent statement that, although there was originally no reason to call this officer, his testimony had been rendered material by an issue raised by defendants.  “CPL 240.45(1) does not require the prosecutor to anticipate the defenses that may be raised.”  (People v. Garner, 190 A.D.2d 1041, 1042, 593 N.Y.S.2d 136 [4th Dept], lv. denied 81 N.Y.2d 885, 597 N.Y.S.2d 947, 613 N.E.2d 979;  see also, People v. Hendrix, 235 A.D.2d 575, 652 N.Y.S.2d 127 [3d Dept] ).

In any event, were we to find that there was a violation of CPL 240.45, we would conclude that defendants failed to establish that the delayed disclosure was prejudicial (see, CPL 240.75).   Defendants' trial strategy was not impaired, since timely production of the memo book would have affected, at most, a minor aspect of the cross-examination of the complainant (compare, People v. Goins, 73 N.Y.2d 989, 540 N.Y.S.2d 994, 538 N.E.2d 346).

 Defendants' motions to dismiss the indictment based on various alleged irregularities in the Grand Jury presentation were properly denied.   The alleged errors did not rise to the level of impairment of the integrity of the Grand Jury proceedings and did not warrant the exceptional remedy of dismissal of the indictment (see, People v. Huston, 88 N.Y.2d 400, 410, 646 N.Y.S.2d 69, 668 N.E.2d 1362;  People v. Darby, 75 N.Y.2d 449, 455, 554 N.Y.S.2d 426, 553 N.E.2d 974).   We find no violation of defendant's right to testify before the Grand Jury.

 The court properly exercised its discretion in denying, without a hearing, defendants' motions made pursuant to CPL 330.30(2) to set aside the verdict based on a juror's affidavit alleging juror misconduct, since “the required assiduous protection of the secrecy and sanctity of the jury's deliberative process counsels that such a hearing not be undertaken except in extraordinary circumstances.”  (People v. Rodriguez, 71 N.Y.2d 214, 218 n. 1, 524 N.Y.S.2d 422, 519 N.E.2d 333), and no such circumstances were present.   The juror's belated efforts to impeach the verdict did not warrant a hearing (see, People v. Redd, 164 A.D.2d 34, 561 N.Y.S.2d 439).