LEGGETT v. STATE (2024)

On December 20, 2022, a deputy with the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office stopped an Uber vehicle for running a stop sign. Leggett was the backseat passenger in that vehicle. As the deputy approached the vehicle, he noted a strong odor of marijuana coming through an open window. Based solely on that odor, the deputy searched a backpack found next to Leggett, which contained a firearm and significant amounts of several controlled substances. Leggett moved to suppress all of the evidence found in the backpack, arguing that the smell of marijuana by itself no longer provides probable cause for a warrantless search. The court denied the dispositive motion, accepted Leggett's guilty plea and sentenced him to 30 years in prison as a habitual felony offender.

On appeal, Leggett relies heavily on this court's recent opinion in Baxter v. State,¹ where we concluded that the odor of cannabis alone can no longer “be the sole basis supporting reasonable suspicion for an investigatory detention.” 389 So. 3d 803, 813 (Fla. 5th DCA 2024). While Leggett's reliance in this appeal on Baxter is reasonable, the caveat in Baxter remains true here—because the deputy “reasonably relied on binding precedent at the time of the arrest,” this search “comes within the good-faith exception and is not properly subject to the exclusionary rule.” Davis v. United States, 564 U.S. 229, 249, 131 S.Ct. 2419, 180 L.Ed.2d 285 (2011).

Affirmed.

FOOTNOTES

1.   Leggett's arrest occurred over a year before the issuance of the Baxter opinion.

Harris, J.

Edwards, C.J., and Wallis, JJ., concur.